Current Issue : April - June Volume : 2018 Issue Number : 2 Articles : 6 Articles
Patients with mild head injuries, a GCS of 13ââ?¬â??15, are at risk for intracranial hemorrhage.Clinical decision is needed toweigh between\nrisks of intracranial hemorrhage and costs of the CT scan of the brain particularly those who are equivocal. This study aimed to\nfind predictors for intracranial hemorrhage in patients with mild head injuries with a moderate risk of intracranial hemorrhage.\nWe defined moderate risk of mild head injury as a GCS score of 13ââ?¬â??15 accompanied by at least one symptom such as headache,\nvomiting, or amnesia or with alcohol intoxication. There were 153 patients who met the study criteria. Eighteen of the patients\n(11.76%) had intracranial hemorrhage. There were four independent factors associated with intracranial hemorrhage: history of\nhypertension, headache, loss of consciousness, and baseline GCS. The sensitivity for the presence of intracranial hemorrhage was\n100% with the cutoff point for the GCS of 13. In conclusion, the independent factors associated with intracranial hemorrhage in\npatients with mild head injury who were determined to be at moderate risk for the condition included history of hypertension,\nheadache, loss of consciousness, and baseline GCS score....
Background. This study tried to reflect evidences regarding internalized stigma and assessed risk factors of internalized stigma.\nObjective. It aims to assess the magnitude, domains, and covariates of internalized stigma among patients with mental illness in\nsouthern Ethiopia. Methods.The study was carried out by using a cross-sectional study design at Dilla University Referral Hospital\n(DURH). A total of 317 patients with mental illness were involved. Internalized stigma was measured using Internalized Stigma of\nMental Illness (ISMI) scale. Data analysis was done using SPSS version 20. Descriptive statistics and logistic regression were done.\nResult.The prevalence of internalized stigma was 32.1% among people livingwith mental illness in DillaUniversity ReferralHospital.\nBeing female, medication nonadherence, and lack of family supportwere factors independently associatedwith internalized stigma.\nConclusion. The results of this study found an intermediate prevalence of internalized stigma among people living with mental\nillness in Dilla University Referral Hospital (DURH). It revealed how much antistigma campaigns are so much important to tackle\ninternalized stigma among people living withmental illness. Incorporating counseling and structured therapy played an important\nrole in maximizing their quality of life....
Background. Patients with schizophrenia are managed with antipsychotics and other psychotropic medications. Objectives. This\nstudy aimed to assess the commonly prescribed psychotropic medications for patients with schizophrenia, explore the types of\ntherapeutic monitoring that were performed, and find out whether the side effects experienced by the patients played any role\nin their adherence behaviour. Methods. This hospital-based cross-sectional study enrolled 259 patients with schizophrenia from\nAccra Psychiatric Hospital and Pantang Psychiatric Hospital. Data were collected onmental status, side effects, types of therapeutic\nmonitoring performed, and adherence behaviour. Results.Olanzapine was the commonly prescribed psychotropicmedication.Most\nof respondents (73.4%) experienced mild levels of side effects. The negative effects were predominantly genitourinary (26%) and\ngastrointestinal (17.2%). Blood pressure and heart ratemeasures were themain types of monitoring performed but nomeasurement\nof drug levels was reported. About 98.1% of the participants poorly adhered to their medications and the major reasons for poor\nadherence were economic challenges, forgetfulness, and the feeling of wellness. Conclusion. Adherence to medication is a major\nhealth problem among patients with schizophrenia and there is a need to improve adherence and treatment outcomes....
Multiple sclerosis (MS) affects cognition in the majority of patients. A major aspect of the disease is brain volume loss (BVL),\npresent in all phases and types (relapsing and progressive) of the disease and linked to both motor and cognitive disabilities.\nDue to the lack of effective pharmacological treatments for cognition, cognitive rehabilitation and other nonpharmacological\ninterventions such as repetitive transcranial magnetic stimulation (rTMS) have recently emerged and their potential role in\nfunctional connectivity is studied. With recently developed advanced neuroimaging and neurophysiological techniques, changes\nrelated to alterations of the brain�s functional connectivity can be detected. In this overview, we focus on the brain�s functional\nreorganization in MS, theoretical and practical aspects of rTMS utilization in humans, and its potential therapeutic role in\ntreating cognitively impaired MS patients....
Background. The characteristics of epilepsy such as the episodic nature of impairment of consciousness and motor control,\npsychomotor comorbidity, seizure frequency, and side effects of antiepileptic drugs impact negatively on the physical safety of\nthe patients. Physical injuries such as burn, fracture, dental loss, and hemorrhage affect the quality of patients� life to the extent of\ndeath.Thus, themain purpose of this study was to assess the prevalence of physical injury and associated factors among people with\nepilepsy. Methods.Thestudy was carried out among 409 people with epilepsy. Cross-sectional study design was utilized to enroll the\nselected study participants using systematic random sampling technique. Binary and multivariable logistic regression were fitted\nto identify associated factors using an odds ratio and 95% CI. Results. The overall estimated prevalence of seizure-related physical\ninjury was found to be 27.9%. Of the 27.9% seizure-related physical injuries, 12.5% had abrasions, 5.9% had burns, 4.4% had dental\ninjuries, 2.2% had fractures, and 1.5% had head injuries and dislocations, respectively. Employment, 2-3 years duration of illness,\nseizure frequencies, and frequencies of drug taken were factors associated with physical injury. Conclusion. More than a quarter of\nthe study participants experienced physical injury. Designing/strengthening injury prevention strategies is suggested especially for\nthose who had uncontrolled seizure frequency for longer period of time....
Background. There is paucity of data on prevalence of Adverse Drug Reactions (ADRs) and adherence and clinical outcomes of\nantidepressants.Thepresent study determined themagnitude ofADRs of antidepressants and their impact on the level of adherence\nand clinical outcome. Methods. A prospective cross-sectional study was conducted among depression patients fromSeptember 2016\nto January 2017 at Gondar University Hospital psychiatry clinic. The Naranjo ADR probability scale was employed to assess the\nADRs. The rate of medication adherence was determined usingMoriskyMedication AdherenceMeasurement Scale-Eight. Results.\nTwo hundred seventeen patients participated in the study, more than half of them being males (122; 56.2%).More than one-half of\nthe subjects had low adherence to their medications (124; 57.1%) and about 186 (85.7%) of the patients encountered ADR. The most\ncommon ADR was weight gain (29; 13.2%).More than one-half (125; 57.6%) of the respondents showed improved clinical outcome.\nOptimal level of medication adherence decreased the likelihood of poor clinical outcome by 56.8%. Conclusion. ADRs were more\nprevalent. However, adherence to medications was very poor in the setup. Long duration of depression negatively affects the rate\nof adherence. In addition, adherence was found to influence the clinical outcome of depression patients....
Loading....